Summarize Written Text Samples with Answers 6

Summarize Written Text Samples with Answers – Read the passage first and then summarize it in one sentence. The single sentence will be between 5 to 75 words. Share your own summary through comment box. Your response will be judged on the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the key points in the passage.

 

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Summarize Written Text Samples with Answers 6

PTE Academic Preparation - Summarize Written Text Samples with Answers 6

QUESTION 1 –

Read and summarize written text in your words.

Most sea creatures, from whales and dolphins to fish, sharks, shrimps and possibly even anemones respond to sound, and many can produce it. They use it to hunt and to hide, find mates and food, form and guide shoals, navigate ‘blind’, send messages and transmit warnings, establish territories, warm off competitors, stun prey, deceive predators, and sense changes in water and conditions. Marine animals click bones and grind teeth; use drum tight bladders and special sonic organs to chirp, grunt, and boom: belch gases; and vibrate special organs. Far from the ‘silent deep’, the oceans are a raucous Babel.

Into this age-long tumult, in the blink of an evolutionary eye, has entered a new thunder: the throb of mighty engines as 46,220 large vessels plough the world’s shipping lanes. Scientists say that background new noise in the ocean has increased roughly by 15 decibels in the past 50 years. It may not sound like much in overall terms, but it is enough, according to many marine biologists, to mask the normal sounds of ocean life going about its business. At its most intense, some even say noise causes wheels to become disoriented, dolphins to develop ‘the bends’, fish to go deaf, flee their breeding grounds or fail to form shoals – enough to disrupt the basic biology of two-thirds of the planet.

Undersea noise pollution is like the death of a thousand cuts, says Sylvia Earle, chief scientist of US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. ‘Each sound in itself may not be a matter of critical concern, but taken all together, the noise from shipping, seismic surveys, and military activity is creating a totally different environment than existed even 50 years ago. That high level of noise is bound to have a hard, sweeping impact on life in the sea.

SAMPLE RESPONSE: Click Here For Answer

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Many ocean creatures are dependent on underwater sound to live and breed, but in the last 50 years, noises made by human activity have increased background ocean noise levels by about 15 decibels, which may have a very negative and disruptive effect on sea life and may lead to extinction.

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Don’t forget to share your own summary through comments.

 

QUESTION 2 –

Read and summarize written text in your words.

Cow And Grass

The co-evolutionary relationship between cows and grass is one of nature’s underappreciated wonders; it also happens to be the key to understanding just about everything about modern meat. For the grasses, which have evolved to withstand the grazing of ruminants, the cow maintains and expands their habitat by preventing trees and shrubs from gaining a foothold and hogging the sunlight; the animal also spreads grass seed, plants it with his hooves, and then fertilizes it with his manure. In exchange for these services the grasses offer ruminants a plentiful and exclusive supply of lunch. For cows (like sheep, bison, and other ruminants) have evolved the special ability to convert grass— which single-stomached creatures like us can’t digest—into high-quality protein. They can do this because they possess what is surely the most highly evolved digestive organ in nature: the rumen. About the size of a medicine ball, the organ is essentially a forty-five-gallon fermentation tank in which a resident population of bacteria dines on grass. Living their unseen lives at the far end of the food chain that culminates in a hamburger, these bacteria have, just like the grasses, coevolved with the cow, whom they feed.

Truly this is an excellent system for all concerned: for the grasses, for the bacteria, for the animals, and for us, the animals’ eaters.

SAMPLE RESPONSE: Click Here For Answer

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Summary Sample 1 – Cows, grass, and bacteria have a co-evolutionary relationship as cows have highly digestive organ namely rumen which helps to convert grass into high-quality protein as well as grass spread seed by their hooves and also provide manure to it.

Summary Sample 2 – Whereas the fundamental essence of the co-evolutionary relationship between cows and grass emphasizes the significance of the modern meat and ruminants, the corresponding impacts of withstanding the grazing of ruminants such as maintaining habitat and the manure are acknowledged, and offering a plentiful supply of lunch could be inferred evidently from converting grass into high-quality protein, which the potential implications of the rumen as well as a resident population of bacteria are presumed.

Summary Sample 3 – There is co-evolutionary relationship among cows, grass and bacteria as cows have rumen where bacteria could digest grass into high quality protein while they help the grass spread seed by their hooves and also provide manure to it.

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Don’t forget to share your own summary through comments.

 

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6 comments

  • charlene

    Marine lives depend on the sound as their survival instinct from hunting to escaping from danger, however the sound pollution by human activity disrupts the marine environment and has negative impacts on the sea creatures.

  • Bhobi

    sound is the medium for Marine animal to live and communicate, but due to human activities background noise in the ocean have increased immensely, thereby leading to manage extinct

  • Gunjan Suri

    The deep sea life seems to be quite silent and polite however, as per scientists, deep sea regions are extremely noisy and noise has further increased approximately by 15 decibels in last 5 decades due to shipping and military activities under oceans which has badly and disruptively affected the sea life.

  • sultaan

    cow, grass and bacteria are co -evolutionary , seems in symbiotic relationship as cows graze grass, helps in spreading the grass seed using different means wheres bacteria remains in animals gut ,consume food from there, reciprocate by helping in fermentation .

  • Dony PTE

    In one of the nature’s underappreciated wonders, co-evolutionary relationship between living things for the food chain, like animals spread grass seeds by hooves and fertilizes it with his manure, cows have ability to convert grass into high-quality protein.

  • subbu

    According to a scientific study, life of most sea habitats are in dangerous condition because of the enormous increase in noise from shipping, seismic surveys and military activities carried out in the ocean which causes lot of disabilities for sea creatures.